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KMID : 1156220180440040380
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Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
2018 Volume.44 No. 4 p.380 ~ p.390
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Associations of Blood Lead and Cadmium Levels with Hypertension using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III-VI
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Seo Jeong-Wook
Kim Byoung-Gwon
Kim Yu-Mi
Choe Byeong-Moo
Seo Sang-Min
Hong Young-Seoub
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Abstract
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Objective: A significant association between blood lead levels and hypertension has been reported in many studies. The relationship between cadmium and hypertension has been debated as well. We aimed to study the association of lead, cadmium, and both with hypertension in the Korean general population.
Methods: We examined 5,967 adult men and 6,074 women who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III-VI (2005, 2008-2013 years). Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between blood lead concentration and blood cadmium concentration and hypertension using logtransformed blood lead and cadmium concentrations as independent variables after covariate adjustment.
Results: Adjusted for general characteristics, the odds ratio of log-lead to hypertension was 2.71 (1.82-4.03), and log-cadmium to hypertension was 2.52 (1.83-3.47). Estimates were found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). When a multiple logistic model was applied, the odds ratio of log-lead and log-cadmium for hypertension were 2.24 (1.50-3.36) and 2.24 (1.62-3.10), respectively. The standardized estimate coefficients of log-lead and logcadmium for hypertension were 4.77 and 6.65, respectively.
Conclusion: We observed the association of blood lead concentration, blood cadmium concentration, and both with hypertension. This study suggests that exposure to lead and exposure to cadmium are both risk factors for hypertension.
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KEYWORD
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lead, cadmium, hypertension, general population
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