KMID : 1204720200130020182
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International Journal of Stem Cells 2020 Volume.13 No. 2 p.182 ~ p.191
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The Role of Lysophosphatidic Acid in Adult Stem Cells
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Lee Dong-Jun
Kim Yun-Hak Kim Jae-Ho
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Abstract
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Stem cells are undifferentiated multipotent precursor cells that are capable both of perpetuating themselves as stem cells (self-renewal) and of undergoing differentiation into one or more specialized types of cells. And these stem cells have been reported to reside within distinct anatomic locations termed ¡°niches¡±. The long-term goals of stem cell biology range from an understanding of cell-lineage determination and tissue organization to cellular therapeutics for degenerative diseases. Stem cells maintain tissue function throughout an organism¡¯s lifespan by replacing differentiated cells. To perform this function, stem cells provide a unique combination of multilineage developmental potential and the capacity to undergo self-renewing divisions. The loss of self-renewal capacity in stem cells underlies certain degenerative diseases and the aging process. This self-renewal regulation must balance the regenerative needs of tissues that persist throughout life. Recent evidence suggests lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of a variety of stem cells. In this review, we summarize the evidence linking between LPA and stem cell regulation. The LPA-induced signaling pathway regulates the proliferation and survival of stem cells and progenitors, and thus are likely to play a role in the maintenance of stem cell population in the body. This lipid mediator regulatory system can be a novel potential therapeutics for stem cell maintenance.
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KEYWORD
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Stem cells, Lysophosphatidic acid, Pluripotent stem cells, Neural stem cells, Hematopoietic stem cells, Mesenchymal stem cells, Cancer stem cells
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